HISTORY OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION I
LECTURE OUTLINE ELEVEN
- THE CENTURY OF CRISIS (C. 1560-1660)
- era of economic hardships, religious strife, and warfare
- the "price revolution"
- demographic causes
- the influx of silver
- economic stagnation
- political effects of the "price revolution" and economic stagnation
- governmental crises caused by provincialism and separatism
- RELIGIOUS WARFARE IN THE CENTURY OF CRISIS
- Prior to 1560
- Charles V's attempt to restore religious unity in Germany
- 1555 Peace of Augsburg and "cuius regio, eius religion"
- Civil War in France
- background to Huguenot strength
- St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre (August 24, 1572)
- rise to power of Henry IV
- promulgation of the Edict of Nantes (1598)
- War of National Liberation in the Netherlands
- Charles V's policy
- policies of Philip II and the raising of national resentment in the Netherlands
- the role of William the Silent
- foundation of the Dutch Republic
- Warfare between Nations (England vs. Spain)
- reasons for the rivalry between England and Spain
- Philip II and the Armada
- significance of the defeat of the Armada in 1588
- RELIGIOUS RIVALRY AND THE THIRTY YEARS' WAR (1618-1648)
- religious causes--Protestant revolt against Habsburg Catholic rule in Bohemia
- political and constitutional considerations with Ferdinand II
- involvement of Sweden and France
- Peace of Westphalia (1648) and its impact upon European history
- THE DEVELOPMENT OF FRANCE
- importance of the policies of Cardinal Richelieu--French centralization
- "revolts" of the Fronde (1648-1653
- the triumph of French absolutism
- ENGLAND IN THE ERA AFTER THE TUDORS--THE STUARTS
- foundations of centralized royal authority under Henry VIII and Elizabeth I
- the rule of James I (1603-1625)
- James I causes antagonisms
- James I vs. the Puritans
- Charles I (1625-1649) and his battles with Parliament
- Petition of Right (1628)
- Charles I and the dissolution of Parliament
- ENGLISH CIVIL WAR (1642-1649)
- Cavaliers vs. Roundheads
- the rise of Oliver Cromwell
- 1649--Charles I executed and England declared a Republic
- Cromwell and the Commonwealth
- Cromwell and the "Protectorate"
- Charles II and the Stuart Restoration in 1660--England as a limited monarchy